镍基耐蚀Hastelloy G3合金的组织特征及热力学计算

利用Thermo-Calc软件对镍基耐蚀Hastelloy G3合金进行了热力学计算，系统研究了成分对平衡相析出的影响规律，并通过SEM和TEM对合金时效处理后的析出相进行了观察。结果表明，合金析出的平衡相主要为σ相、μ相、M6C和M23C6；Cr、Mo含量主要影响σ相和μ相析出量及开始析出温度；而C元素显著影响碳化物M6C和M23C6的析出行为；进一步通过试验研究了时效过程中析出相的析出规律。     

TG6钛合金冷却过程的块状转变机制研究

在近α型TG6钛合金两相区淬火过程中,对初生α相αP周围形成的块状组织αm进行表征研究,块状组织αm与αP存在明显的界面,合金元素Al、Sn和Zr浓度介于αP和β基体之间,EBSD分析结果表明αm取向与αP保持一致。在冷却过程中,αP周围β基体中合金元素扩散受到限制,进而在局部过渡成分区域通过扩散转变形成αm组织。当固溶温度从1040℃提高至1060℃,同时保温时间从30 min减少为5 min,溶质元素扩散受限,αm体积分数从5.2%提升至30.7%。     

选区激光熔化成形AlSiMg3合金

基于选区激光熔化（SLM）技术熔体快速冷却的特点，通过提高Al-Si-Mg合金中Mg的含量，设计获得SLM技术专用AlSiMg3合金。系统研究了不同工艺参数和时效处理条件对SLM成形AlSiMg3合金组织和硬度的影响。结果表明，SLM成形样品均由α-Al、Si和Mg2Si相构成。高激光能量密度有利于增加粉末样品的成形性，当激光功率为160 W，扫描速度为200 mm/s时，样品具有最低孔隙率0.07%。随着激光扫描速度的增加，样品中富Si组织的比例逐渐升高，Mg元素在α-Al中固溶量逐渐增大，使得SLM成形样品的硬度逐渐升高，最大值为194±3 HV。样品经150 ℃时效处理后，由于α-Al内部纳米颗粒的析出，导致样品硬度增大，最大值为210±2 HV，远高于现有报道的SLM成形Al-Si和Al-Si-Mg铝合金。本研究报道了成形性和力学性能优异的SLM专用Al-Si-Mg合金。     

Influence of heat treatment on corrosion behaviors of 316L stainless steel in simulated cathodic environment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)

The influences of two types of heat-treatments on the corrosion behavior of 316L SS in the simulated cathodic environment of PEMFC, are investigated using potentiodynamic curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott-Schottky plot and auger electron spectroscopy (AES), respectively. The results show that 316L SS is in the passive state within the potential region from −0.1V_SCE to 0.8V_SCE in the simulated cathodic environment of PEMFC, and a passive film can be formed on 316L SS. The passivity of 316L SS in the simulated cathodic environment of PEMFC firstly increases and then degrades with the increased solid solution temperature or time, and the best passivity corresponds to the solid solution temperature at 1050 °C for 40 min among other solid solution treatments. While 316L SS heat-treated with the solid solution treatment at 1050 °C for 40 min plus aging treatment at 900 °C for 4 h, also has the best passivity in the same solution among other solid solution plus aging treatments. The best corrosion protection, lowest donor density and the highest thickness of the passive film corresponding to the solid solution temperature at 1050 °C for 40 min among other solid solution or solid solution plus aging heat treatments, and this treatment is mostly suitable for improving the anti-corrosion property of 316L SS in the simulated cathodic environment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).     

热处理工艺对TC4钛合金冲击磨损性能的影响

研究了退火和固溶时效处理对热轧态TC4钛合金的力学性能和组织的影响,并考察了其冲击磨损性能。结果表明:退火处理后试样组织中转变β相增加,强度、塑性和韧性均较热轧态有所提升;而固溶时效处理后试样组织的晶粒细化且尺寸更为均匀,同时具有最高的强度,而塑性和韧性则较热轧态有所降低。经过10 h的冲击磨损试验后,退火态试样的磨损率最低,而固溶时效态试样的磨损率最高。通过磨损断口观察发现退火态试样表面冲刷犁沟较短,且终点处存在合金的塑性堆积,同时磨损面组织发生塑性变形,晶粒延展拉长。退火态试样较高的塑性和韧性有助于吸收冲击能量,因此表现出较好的耐冲击磨损性能。     

2195铝锂合金电子束焊接头的焊后热处理

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪及X射线衍射仪等微观分析手段,研究不同热处理工艺条件下2195铝锂合金电子束焊接头焊缝区的显微组织演变,探讨接头的焊后热处理强化机制。结果表明,焊后热处理可显著改善接头区域的显微组织,促进强化相的析出,有利于提高接头的力学性能。经过焊后固溶+双级时效热处理,焊态下接头熔合线附近存在的等轴细晶区消失,β′、θ′和T₁等强化相在接头焊缝区析出,与单级时效处理工艺相比,双级时效处理的析出强化效果更为显著。力学性能测试表明,经过双级时效热处理后,接头的抗拉强度达到492.5 MPa,为母材强度的90.4%。接头拉伸断口表面存在许多小韧窝,并伴随出现解理面,接头呈韧-脆混合型断裂特征。     

Characterization of biogenic hydroxyapatite derived from animal bones for biomedical applications

In this work, the viability of producing biogenic hydroxyapatite from bio-waste animal bones, namely bovine (cow), caprine (goat) and galline (chicken), through a heat treatment process has been investigated. The animal bones were locally sourced, cleaned to remove collagen and subsequently heat treated in air atmosphere at different temperatures ranging from 600?°C to 1000?°C. From the range of sintering temperatures investigated, it was found that hydroxyapatite derived from bovine bone showed good thermal stability while those produced from caprine and galline bones exhibited phase instability with traces of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) being detected after heat treatment beyond 700?°C. The porous nature of the bone samples can be observed from the microstructures obtained and supported by low relative density. Heating the bovine and caprine bones at selected temperatures yielded porous HA body, having hardness values that are comparable with human cortical bone. However, the sintered galline bone sample showed higher porosity levels and low hardness when compared to the other two bone types.     

Enhanced compactness of oriented MFI zeolite films by heat treatment of seed layer

The achievement of compact and defect-free film structure is crucial for the application of b-oriented MFI zeolite film. In this work, a novel heat treatment technique was used to treat zeolite seeded substrates prior to secondary growth. The influence of the heat treatment parameters such as treat temperature and time on the final film morphology were systematically investigated. The relationship between film compactness and the parameters was established. Under the optimized treat temperature of 120?°C and treat time of 1?h, compact and uniform b-oriented MFI zeolite film was achieved. The applicability of the optimum heat treatment condition was validated by employing various film substrates.     

Laser surface nanostructuring for reliable Si3N4/Si3N4 and Si3N4/Invar joined components

IR pulsed laser radiation in air was applied to Si₃N₄ and Invar to obtain reliable Si₃N₄/Si₃N₄ and Si₃N₄/Invar adhesive bonded components. The laser pre-treatment produced a homogeneous nanostructured oxide layer on the surfaces, which effectively increased the adhesion at the adhesive/adherends interface and led to cohesive failure in the joining material. The mechanical strength of Si₃N₄/ Si₃N₄ and Si₃N₄/Invar joined components was measured, with and without laser nanostructuring, before and after thermal cycling from room temperature to 50?K, and it resulted that the exposure to extremely low temperatures did not affect the mechanical integrity of the joints. It was also demonstrated that this laser pre-treatment did not alter the mechanical properties of the ceramic substrate.     

Urchin-like boron nitride hierarchical structure assembled by nanotubes-nanosheets for effective removal of heavy metal ions

Water pollution has become a serious global issue owing to the large amounts of contaminants generated from industrial and agricultural development. Recently, various boron nitride-based micro/nano-materials have exhibited efficient sorption capacity for contaminants from water. Herein, novel urchin-like boron nitride hierarchical structure assembled by free-growing boron nitride nanotubes and crapy boron nitride nanosheets is firstly fabricated via a sample two-step approach, including the synthesis of analogous "core-shell" structured boron-containing precursor and thermal catalytic chemical vapor deposition. A combined growth mechanism of vapor-liquid-solid and vapor-solid is proposed to control the formation of BN hierarchical structure. The unique structure exhibits superior removal capacity of 115.07?mg?g^?1 and 92.85?mg?g^?1 for Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ in water solution, respectively. The excellent adsorption performance of the product mainly derives from the vast lattice imperfections, the high-density edge active sites, the expanded interplanar spacing, as well as the unique structural characteristics. They are beneficial for structural stability and enough space for accommodating the adsorbed heavy metal ions. These results indicate that the urchin-like boron nitride hierarchical structure is a promising adsorption material for water treatment.